PLEASE ANSWER SEPARETELY TO EACH STUDENT WITH DIRECTIONS GIVEN!!! 200 WORDS PER

PLEASE ANSWER SEPARETELY TO EACH STUDENT WITH DIRECTIONS GIVEN!!! 200 WORDS PER EACH STUDENT AND 2 CITATIONS PER STUDENT Peer Responses: You are required to post 2 Peer Responses each week. Your Peer Response should be 200 words and should build upon the author’s first post. You should include at least 2 APA formatted reference/citation that differs from the source in your Original Post. it is not enough to agree or disagree with your peer. Any statement of opinion should be supported by factual data to bolster your point of view. Author Madeline: A chronic disease is defined as a condition that can last one year or longer and will require constant medical attention (Orueta et al., 2012). Despite the collection of data of prevalence and incidence of chronic diseases through various routine monitoring testing, developers and researchers do not have a single database to review this information (Orueta et al., 2012). They need to review results from many monitoring systems that contain various data. Prevalence is the proportion of individuals who have a disease at a specific time (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d.). Incidence is similar but it is the proportion of individuals who develop a condition during a specific time (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d.). These two terms help determine which specifications would be ideal for diagnosing a chronic patient.
One of the ideal specifications for a “perfect” chronic disease diagnostic is reviewing the medical history of the patient. A patient’s medical history can assist physicians in making timely and accurate diagnosis for chronic diseases (Waller & Fox, 2020). Their medical history can demonstrate patterns or clues that connect to a disease that has gone undiagnosed or unchecked. It can be the starting point to future diagnostic tests being conducted to screen for diseases. Also, social and environmental health histories can be just as important as medical history and diagnostics done in the past (Waller & Fox, 2020). All these factors are important because they can play key roles in the development of chronic diseases. Patients many do not have the disease yet or could have it without knowing, but physicians can use this to begin their diagnostic process.
Another ideal specification would be genome sequencing. Next generation sequencing (NGS) tests have been used to catalogue cancer genomes (Simon & Roychowdhury, 2013). Individuals that are curious or has a large history of cancer in their family have decided to have their genome sequenced. By comparing the results of the individual to the known cancer genomes, researchers can detect mutations that are connected to different types of cancer. If these mutations are detected, an individual might have a higher chance of developing that type of cancer. This is ideal for diagnosis of chronic diseases because it gives healthcare providers a possible starting point to being screening diagnostic tests or change treatment plans. This could be connected to early detection of cancer or they could develop it in the future. But with this knowledge, it gives patients and their physicians additional knowledge that could help select personalized treatment plans.
Author Emineh: Chronic diseases are long-term conditions that can last for months or even years. They often require ongoing treatment and can significantly impact your quality of life. Diagnosing chronic disease can be challenging, as symptoms may not appear until the condition is well advanced (Renzi et al., 2019). Early diagnosis is essential to allow for early treatment and management of the condition. Several tests and procedures can diagnose chronic disease, including blood tests, X-rays, scans, and biopsies. A doctor will usually order a number of these tests to make a definitive diagnosis. This paper aims to research the ideal specifications for a perfect chronic disease diagnosis.
There is no perfect diagnostic test for chronic diseases, as individual conditions may differ slightly. A few key features would make for the ideal chronic disease diagnostic. First, it would accurately identify the disease’s presence in an individual. Second, it would be able to do so with a high degree of specificity, meaning that it would not produce false positives. Third, it would accurately predict the course of the disease, allowing for early and effective treatment. Finally, it would be affordable and accessible to all (Wu et al., 2018). While there is no perfect diagnostic test for chronic diseases, research is ongoing to develop more accurate and specific tests (Umemneku Chikere et al., 2019). Meanwhile, early diagnosis and treatment remain the best way to manage chronic conditions.
There are various discourses around measuring the extent of a chronic illness. Scientists aver that chronic disease can be determined as either incidence or prevalence. The incidence parameter quantifies the new cases occurring in a population over a given time, while the prevalence parameter shows the cases in a specific period. Chronic diseases constitute a significant burden to individuals and society. They are responsible for many deaths and disabilities worldwide. These diseases are primarily lifestyle diseases from alcohol and substance abuse behaviors and dietary issues, although genetic factors can also cause them. Chronic conditions can often be prevented or controlled through lifestyle changes and early detection and treatment (Hajat & Stein, 2018). However, once a chronic illness has developed, it often cannot be cured completely, significantly becoming a burden.
This paper has defined the various methods by which a chronic disease might be diagnosed, which are the prevalence and incidence parameters. The prevalence parameter focuses on the rate of diagnoses, while the incidence parameter focuses on the number of diagnoses found in a given period. Conclusively, this paper submits that the ideal specifications for a chronic disease diagnostic should apply the prevalence rate compared to the incidence rate