Must include at least 3 scholarly citations in APA format. Any sources cited mus

Must include at least 3 scholarly citations in APA
format. Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years. Must integrate a minimum of 2 citations of biblical scriptural
support as well as the course textbook.
Course
Textbook:
McConnell, C. R. (2019). Human
resource management in health care. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Chapters 14-16.
Kudo et. al. (2016) reported that in 1970, the U.S.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established a system to
monitor the rates of and trends in nosocomial infections that is called the
National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System. Their 1999 Guideline
for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection reported that surgical site
infections (SSIs) were the third most frequently reported nosocomial
infections. In addition, they were the most common nosocomial infections among surgical
patients and of the deaths among SSI patients, 77% were related to infection.
Many hospitals were not yet adhering adequately to national standards of
peri-operative practices that had proven to reduce surgical morbidity,
including appropriate selection, timing, and discontinuation of prophylactic
antibiotics. In response to inconsistent compliance with infection prevention
measures, in 2002, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
collaborated with the CDC on the Surgical Infection Prevention (SIP) project.
The purpose of this initiative was to develop quality improvement measures to
standardize processes to increase compliance that could be extended and applied
nationally. These measures included the timeliness, selection, and duration of
peri-operative antibiotics. There were significant reductions in post-operative
infection rates after implementation of these measures.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
and major health-care organizations, including the American College of Surgeons
and the Joint Commission, organized the Surgical Care Improvement Project
(SCIP) as a nationwide undertaking to reduce the risk of surgical
complications. CMS requires all hospitals that receive government funds to
report a set of process-of- care indices, collectively known as SCIP measures,
each shown in clinical studies to decrease the rates of surgical morbidity and
mortality, notably surgical site infections, venous thromboembolism, and
postoperative acute myocardial infarction. Public posting of SCIP compliance is
a requirement of federal payment programs (Kudo et. al., 2016).
Rodziewicz et. al. (2022) defined a medical error as
a failure of a planned action to be completed as intended or the use of a wrong
plan to achieve an aim. Errors can include problems in practice, products,
procedures, and systems. Over 200 million surgical procedures are performed
each year globally, and despite awareness of adverse effects, surgical errors
continue to occur at a high rate. Surgical errors account for a significant
number of adverse events. At least 4000 surgical errors occur each year in the
United States each year. Operating on an incorrect body part is a common source
of surgical error. Rodziewicz et. al. (2022) further purported that surgical
errors typically happen before and after the surgical procedure rather than in
the operating room. Some common causes of surgical errors include lack of
adequate surgeon training and education, lack of standardized rules and
regulations, lack of communication between the surgeon, anesthesiologist, and
ancillary staff, poor communication between the surgeon and patient, human
factors, rush to complete cases, and use of unreliable systems or protocols.
Errors in surgery do not arise spontaneously. They develop from the interaction
of multiple people and equipment. In order to decrease surgical errors,
providers need to know when and where errors may occur. Some surgical risk
factors include distraction of the surgeon and other operating staff by digital
devices while caring for a patient, failure of surgeon to listen to other
operating staff about the site of surgery and lack of biopsy results, wrong
labeling of specimen , multiple surgeons performing more than one procedure,
poor staffing, wrong – site surgery or wrong patient or wrong body part,
incomplete preoperative assessments, time pressures leading to shortcuts, and
incomplete or missing pertinent imaging information and relying on memory
(Rodziewicz et. al, 2022). As an administrator it is my duty to look out for
the interests of the patients as well as the interests of my staff. The Bible
tells us: “Let each of you look out not only to his own interests, but also to
the interests of others” (New International Version Bible, 1973/2011,
Philippians 2: 4).
McConnell (2021) stated that it is incumbent of a
manager to begin the process of performance improvement in order to address a
performance problem by working with the employee involved to correct the
problem within a particular period of time. As an administrator in charge
of reducing surgical errors, I would adopt the guidelines suggested by
Rodziewicz et. al. (2022). I would adopt a checklist of things that need
to be done. Prior to induction of anesthesia two independent healthcare professionals
must confirm the patient’s identity, site of surgery, type of procedure, and
review the consent form. Prior to making the skin incision, the
anesthesiologist, surgeon, and nurse must again confirm the identity of the
patient and confirm the type of surgery. This team also identifies the need for
antibiotic prophylaxis and deep vein thrombosis prevention maneuvers. After
completion of the surgery, but before leaving the operating room, the surgeon,
anesthesiologist, and a nurse must verbally conclude the completeness of the
count of instruments and sponges, verify that the specimen is labeled, and note
the clinical status of the patient. Additionally, in order to minimize wrong –
site surgery, I would provide an opportunity to patients and family members to
correct a significant mistake before it occurs. Likewise, engaging
patients, nurses, scrub techs, anesthesiologists, anesthetists, and surgeons in
knowing and minimizing the risks helps avoid wrong-part surgery, wrong-patient
surgery, or a wrong-surgical procedure. I would also increase
communication with healthcare providers, family, and patients about the
possibility of such mistakes to alert all involved to double and triple check
to avoid grave mistakes. In addition to these changes, I would introduce a time
out as a safety measure. This is a preoperative pause involving all members of
the surgical team. Timeouts need to occur when the patient is on the operating
table before surgery begins. A timeout is done to ensure the correct site,
correct procedure, and correct patient will minimize costly mistakes. I would
also make it mandatory for all staff members to follow a defined protocol.
Some training and development activities I would
implement include ongoing workshops and seminars in which members of the
surgical team can participate in demo surgical procedures following the
checklist that is presented. They would demonstrate in these sessions how they
would communicate with the patient and each other, and the steps and procedures
they would follow sequentially during the operating process. Each member of the
surgical staff would then give an analysis of the demo surgical practice and
suggest ways they could improve. I would also give my impressions of the
demonstration after the entire team has given feedback. I would also get the
surgical staff engaged in evidence – based best practices to prevent surgical
site infections (SSIs). Bashaw et. al. (2019) acknowledged that surgical site
infections are some of the most common and costly healthcare associated
infections. I would get the surgical staff to demonstrate how they would
facilitate a safe surgical experience for patients through hand washing,
preoperative patient skin antisepsis, and antimicrobial irrigation. Since these
training activities may be time consuming, some other aspects of HRM that could
be impacted include productivity of the organization, loss of revenue, neglect
of other departments, as well as other duties and responsibilities that I
typically attend to as an administrator. A surgical team comprises members that
provide different services needed for each surgical procedure to be successful.
The Bible tells us that: “As each has received a gift, use it to serve one
another, as good stewards of God’s varied grace” (New International Version
Bible, 1973/2011, 1 Peter 4:10).